About Lymphedema
What
is Lymphedema?
Lymphedema can occur
any time there is damage to the lymph nodes or vessels and is identified
swelling of a body part, most often an extremity, caused by the abnormal
accumulation of lymph fluid. It occurs most frequently in the arms and
legs, but can also occur in the face, neck back and abdomen. Lymphedema
is different from acute swelling in that in most cases it has been present
for 3 months or longer and elevation is not effective.
Although it is
a chronic and progressive condition, in most cases it can be brought
under control and successfully managed by appropriate diagnosis and
treatment, together with care and attention to certain basic rules.
Lymphedema is compatible with a normal and active lifestyle.
Factors that can contribute to lymphedema are surgery and/or radiation
therapy, surgery and post operative infection, obesity, infections (athletes
foot, insect bites), a sedentary lifestyle, constricting clothing or
jewelry, a dependent limb position, recurrent tumors, a heavy breast
prosthesis, and trauma to the remaining lymphatics.
If left untreated, there are serious consequences which can impact the
patient - uncontrolled swelling of a limb or body part which worsens
over time, heaviness and limitation of motion in the affected limb,
repeated infections, skin thickening, lymph leaking through the skin,
development of ulcers, cosmetic problems, inability to find clothing
or shoes that fit properly, social isolation, an altered lifestyle and
constant medical care and expense.
Although many physicians
think of lymphedema as a rare condition, it is fairly common, affecting
roughly one percent of the population in the United States. Treatment
problems encountered by most individuals include:
- difficulty in
obtaining a timely and correct diagnosis;
- difficulty in
receiving appropriate treatment;
- diuretics are
often prescribed but do not help;
- there are no
surgical procedures that have been found to be successful in the long
term;
- elevation, pneumatic
compression devices and compression garments alone are typically ineffective
and any results are often short-lived.